As shown in the latest statistical data from the Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Taoyuan City has reduced by 66.4% from 59.5 cases per 100,000 in 2005 to 20 cases per 100,000 in 2022. This degree of reduction tops among all six special municipalities, and in comparison, the incidence of the whole Taiwan reduced by 61.1% (from 72.5 to 28.2 cases per 100,000) over this period. Driven by this momentum of prevention effort, the city seeks to achieve the goal of becoming TB-free by 2035. As part of the endeavor, in 2024 free latent TB screening is provided to a larger population to include those in institutions and/or as new immigrants. Free chest X-ray was provided with mobile clinics visiting community aid sites, correction agencies, schools, construction sites, and remote villages. In 2023, a total of 114 chest X-ray service sessions were delivered to benefit 5,179 individuals, and 5 cases were identified. To achieve the best effect against TB, intervention should be provided when it is still in the latent phase, i.e. before the disease becomes noticeable. Early actions can be taken with early detection.
According to the Department, TB is primarily transmitted through air and droplets, and presents with symptoms of cough, chest pain, weight loss, lethargy and poor appetite. Anyone experiencing coughing for more than 2 weeks should receive an X-ray examination for early screening and diagnosis. Following infection, there is a 5 to 10% onset of TB in the general population, while others remain latent until the time of poor immunity. Active cases are the sources of transmission. Currently, interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) may be used for early detection of latent carriers, and individuals with a positive result may be given a prophylactic regimen. Such regimen can be short (1 to 4 months) or long (6 to 9 months) and provide up to 90% effectiveness against developing active TB. For more details regarding TB, visit the URL: https://reurl.cc/M4e3aK.